DIRECT METHOD AND DICTATION TECHNIQUE

DIRECT METHOD WITH DICTATION TECHNIQUE

Direct Method
The direct method consists of teaching a new language using only the target language. It teaches concepts and vocabulary through mime, real-life objects and other visual elements. Grammar is taught inductively, which means that learners find out the rules of the language from examples and interacting with it.
This method focuses on communication and is based on the assumption that you should experience a new language in the same way as you experienced your mother tongue. The essentials are: a) no translation b) concepts are taught through visuals and association c) grammar is taught indirectly. The key idea behind this method is that you can “absorb” the target language without referring back to your native language.

Dictation Technique
The teacher chooses a grade appropriate passage from a book and reads the text aloud three times. The first time the passage is read the students only listen. The second time the passage is read it is read phrase by phrase, with the teacher pausing long enough for students to write down what they have heard. The third time the text is read, it is read at normal speed and the students check their work.


Characteristics of Direct Method

The direct method of teaching English is one the most widely known methods. It enjoyed immense popularity because it overcame the two major defects of the Grammar-Translation method. It substituted “Language contact” for “Grammar recitation” and “Language use” for translation.
The salient feature of the direct method of English teaching as follows:
Emphasis on oral language
 Intensive speech practice, usually with training in phonetics.
The exclusive use new language.
The approach initially inacceptable any choice to the mother tongue either for exercise on translation or for clarification of vocabulary and grammar.
It was hopefulness expected that by banishing the language from the classroom the students would be compelled to do their thinking in the new medium.
The learner experiences the new language in the same way in which he has experienced his mother tongue.

Principals

1. Reading in the target language should be taught from the beginning of language instruction; however, the reading skill will be developed through practice with speaking language is primarily speech.

2. Objects (e.g., realia or pictures) present in the immediate classroom environment should be used to help students understand the meaning.

3. The native language should not be used in the classroom.

4. The teacher should demonstrate, not explain or translate. It is desirable that students make a direct association between the target language and meaning.

5. Students should learn to think in the target language as soon as possible.

6. Vocabulary is acquired more naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than memorizing word list.

7. The purpose of language learning is communication (therefore students need to learn how to ask questions as well as answer them).

8. Pronunciation should be worked on right form the beginning of language instruction.

9. Self-correction facilities language learning.

10. Lesson should contain some conversational activity some opportunity for students to use language in real contexts. Students should be encouraged to speak as much as possible.

11. Grammar should be taught inductively. There may never be an explicit grammar rule given.

12. Writing is an important skill, to be developed from the beginning of language instruction.

13. The syllabus is based on situations or topic, not usually on linguistics structures.

14. Learning another language also involves learning how speakers of that language live.

Steps
1. Greetings
2. Introduction of the material
3. Teacher explains about the material (definition of descriptive text, generic stucture of descriptive text and example of descritive text)
4. Teacher ask whether students already understand
5. After the students understand, the teacher explains about the purpose and how to write descriptive text
6. After that, the teacher gives another example of descriptive text by doing dictation  technique
7. First, the teacher read the full text, then begins to dictate by phrase
8. Teacher read the text one last time so students can check the results of their writing again
9. After that, the teacher give assignment for students
10. Greetings.

Material
Text 1
My Lovely Cat
                                 
I have a stray cat as my pet.  He is really playful, He loved to play with me and the new things he found. He has orange and white fur, his fur is so soft and I like to rubs it for him.
He has a long tail. He likes to play with it. He is also always try to catch his tail sometimes. I also like to hold him in my hand, when i hold him like that he will fall asleep.

Text 2
My Mother
My mother is a beautiful person. She is not tall but not short, and she has curly hair and brown. Her eyes color are like honey and her color skin color light brown, and she has a beautiful smile.
She is a very kind person. She is very lovely, friendly, and she loves to help people. I love my mom, because she is a good example to me. She loves being in the Mosque, and she loves sing and dance too.
She is a very good child, wife and mother. She always takes care of her family. She likes her house to be clean and organized. She a very organized person, and all things in the house are in the right place.
She always has a smile on her face. She is so sweet and lovely. I like when I am going to sleep or went I wake up or when I am going to go to some places, she always give me a kiss, and when the family have a problem she always be with us to helps us and to give us all her love